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The first thing that usually comes to mind when we think of home security is installing a burglar alarm. The variety of home security burglar alarms is vast, however, and it’s difficult to know which you need, and how much you should be spending. Part of determining the right home security system to keep you, your family and your property safe is to first know what burglar systems do and how they function.

The most basic sort of burglar alarm is your trusty companion, the family dog. The second least complicated home security mechanism is a simple to use and install electric circuit home security system that is built right into one of your home’s entryways. With this or any type of circuit, for home security, computer, or flashlight, for example, the electricity will only flow if it has a path to follow between point A and point B, which have opposite charges. With this home security circuitry, you just open or close part of the circuit when you want to turn the electricity on or off.

To extend the example of a circuit in your flashlight, you open the circuit or close it by throwing a switch. In a home security burglar alarm the alarm’s switch is designed to detect and intrusion such as a window or door opening.
Home security circuit system burglar alarms can be either closed circuit or open circuit. In a closed circuit home security system the electrical circuit remains closed when the means of entry - window or door - is closed. As long as that entry remains shut the electricity is able to flow throughout the circuit. If, however, the means of entry is opened, the circuit breaks, as does the flow of electricity. The alarm goes off. If the home security is an open circuit burglar alarm, however, the opening of the entryway door or window causes the circuit to close and the electricity to flow. This completion of the circuit sets off the alarm.

Most home security professionals will advise you on the purchase of a closed rather than open circuit burglar alarm system. This is because a burglar or other intruder can easily deactivate your open burglar alarm system if he or she cuts the wires connecting the system.

There are a number of parts of the magnetic sensoring device present in the closed circuit home security burglar alarm system. At its most basic, the closed circuit system consists of a battery that powers the circuitry, a metal switch that is driven by a spring and built in the frame of a door, a magnet embedded in a door that lines up with the home security switch, and a buzzer that is powered separately and has a switch driven by a relay system.

When the door that houses the home security components is closed, the burglar alarm magnet draws the metal switch shut, completing the circuit. The current for the home security system then powers the electromagnet on the relay, which keeps the circuit open for the buzzer. When the opening of the door moves the magnet the spring is forced back into its open position. The current is thus cut off, the relay is closed and the alarm goes off.

This same concept can work on a window as well as a door.

Source: http://home.howstuffworks.com/burglar-alarm1.htm

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